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Let's Trace the Urine Formation Process

The process of formation of urine in the body is one of the body's natural ways to remove metabolic waste and body toxins and excess water content to maintain health. This process involves several organs, especially organs such as the kidneys, bladder and urinary tract. Residual substances or by-products of metabolism need to be released by the body through urine and feces. The more fluid consumed, the more urine will be produced by the body. Urine is the result of blood filtering by the kidneys and is expelled by the body through the urinary tract. Urine is expelled from the body to remove metabolic remnants (for example, urea) and toxins from our body. For more details, here are some stages of the process of formation of urine.

Organs Involved in the Process of Forming Urine

In the process of forming urine, there are several organs in our body that play a role, namely:

  • Kidney

    • There are two kidneys in the body, namely the right and left kidney. Each one is on both sides of the spine, below the rib cage. Kidney has the shape of a kidney bean and has the size of a fist. In the kidney, there are at least one million nephrons that function to filter blood and make the filtering waste results in the form of urine.

  • Ureter

    • These ureters are tubular or tubular, connecting each kidney to both sides of the bladder. In adults, the ureter has a length of about 25-30 cm.

  • Bladder

    • The bladder has a balloon-like shape that is elastic and is located between the pelvic bones. This elastic shape, making the bladder can shrink when there is no urine, and enlarge if there is urine. At least the bladder can hold about 400-600 mL of urine.

  • Urethra

    • Like the ureter, urethra or urinary tract is also tubular, but there is only one. In women, the urethra has a size of about 4 cm with a urine outlet between the clitoris and the vagina. Whereas in men, the length of the urethra is around 15-25 cm with a urine outlet at the tip of the penis.

Urine Formation Process

Urine formation starts from the kidneys. In the kidney, there are three main processes of urine formation, namely filtration, secretion, and reabsorption. The results of these three processes are called kidney excretion (excretion) in the form of urine.
  • The first stage is filtration, in which the kidneys receive blood flow that carries water and metabolic waste products from the body such as urea. Then, the nephrons in the kidneys filter the blood flowing into the kidneys to get rid of toxins and metabolic waste products.
  • After that the reabsorption stage occurs, which is the re-absorption of water and substances that are still needed by the body, such as electrolytes, salts, and proteins.
  • The next stage is tubular secretion, which is the removal of certain substances from capillaries into the kidney tubules. After these three stages are completed, urine is formed.
  • Urine will then flow from the kidney to the bladder through the ureter. The bladder holds urine produced from the kidneys. After being accommodated in the bladder, in the process of disposal, urine will be removed from the body through the urinary tract.

Disorders Caused by Blocking Urine

As explained above, urine is useful for removing waste and toxins from the body. But if there is a disruption in the urinary system in producing urine, the result will be harmful to the body. For example in kidney failure and kidney stones. Now, so that the process of forming urine in our bodies can continue to run well, it is recommended to drink enough water, at least as much as 2 to 3 liters a day. To maintain kidney health, it is also advisable to maintain a healthy diet by limiting salt and sugar intake, regular exercise, adequate rest, and avoiding alcoholic beverages and smoking. If there are problems around the process of formation of urine, or there are complaints such as bloody urine, there is swelling throughout the body, feeling weak, and symptoms that lead to problems with organs that play a role in the process of formation of urine, you need to immediately consult a doctor to get an examination and further handling.

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